Utility-Critical Prompt Transmission Scheme in Satellite- Integrated Internet

The pull-based transmission initiates the generation and updating of status to the destination as needed, potentially reducing unnecessary energy costs and maintaining data freshness for satellite-integrated Internet with limited resources. In this paper, we introduce a semantic-empowered metric called utility loss of information (UoI) for a multi-state Markov source to assess the freshness and value of information, and the synchronization of transceivers, which can simultaneously quantify the age of information (AoI), value of diversity states, and the mismatch of transceivers. Then, we propose a utility-critical prompt (UP) transmission scheme for terrestrial Internet of Things (IoT) sensors with multi-state Markov source to transmit status update to the satellite efficiently, and derive the average UoI (AUoI) in both periodic and stochastic queries. Simulation results demonstrate that the UP scheme can achieve an optimal tradeoff between freshness, value, and synchronization of transceivers in both periodic and stochastic queries, and outperforms than state-of-the-art schemes.