Ultrahigh-Loading Cathodes for Next-Generation Lithium-Ion Batteries

Ultrahigh-loading cathodes are a key pathway to boosting the energy density of lithium-ion batteries. The design of thick electrodes can significantly increase the loading of electrode active materials by minimizing the proportion of inactive components at the device level. However, considerable effort is still required to address the challenges that arise as the electrode thickness increases. This review outlines the common challenges faced by ultra-high-loading cathodes, focusing on the key degradation mechanisms of thick electrodes in different cathode systems and the latest advances. The constraints at the practical cell level are also discussed, and the industrial feasibility of various modification strategies and emerging fabrication processes is evaluated. Finally, suggestions on the future directions of ultrahigh-loading cathode development and research are provided.