The Reshaping of the US Supply Chain and the Security Level of China’s Semiconductor Industry Chain

Chapter 6 investigates the impact of US supply chain review policies on the security of China’s semiconductor industry chain. Taking Executive Order No. 14017 as a policy intervention point, the chapter constructs a continuous difference-in-differences (DID) model using monthly trade data from 2019 to 2024. The empirical analysis indicates that US policy measures have significantly increased the import concentration of China’s semiconductor intermediate goods, thereby undermining the resilience of its supply chain. Further results suggest that rationalising industrial structure, enhancing innovation capacity, and increasing fiscal support can partially offset these negative effects. The chapter concludes with policy recommendations centred on diversifying import sources, strengthening regional coordination, reinforcing key segments of the supply chain, advancing indigenous innovation, and optimising industrial structure to enhance national supply chain security and systemic resilience.