The Hidden Life of Your Data: How AI and LLM Use Your Information

Amir Javadpour; Forough Jafari; Chafika Benzaid; Tarik Taleb

doi:10.1109/MIC.2026.3708903

The Hidden Life of Your Data: How AI and LLM Use Your Information

Amir Javadpour^*
, Forough Jafari
, Chafika Benzaid
, Tarik Taleb

^*Corresponding author for this work

ICTFicial OY
Sharif University of Technology
University of Oulu
Ruhr University Bochum

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) are AI systems that learn statistical patterns in text to generate sentences, answer questions, and support conversations. Across an LLM life cycle, data from many individuals may be used during training or through user interactions. Since people have rights over their data, these rights should be respected. However, LLMs face practical and technical limits in enforcing them. This paper briefly explains how LLMs work, outlines key challenges for protecting individual rights, and reviews existing solutions.

Original language	English
Journal	IEEE Internet Computing
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/MIC.2026.3708903
State	Accepted/In press - 2026
Externally published	Yes

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10.1109/MIC.2026.3708903

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title = "The Hidden Life of Your Data: How AI and LLM Use Your Information",

abstract = "Large Language Models (LLMs) are AI systems that learn statistical patterns in text to generate sentences, answer questions, and support conversations. Across an LLM life cycle, data from many individuals may be used during training or through user interactions. Since people have rights over their data, these rights should be respected. However, LLMs face practical and technical limits in enforcing them. This paper briefly explains how LLMs work, outlines key challenges for protecting individual rights, and reviews existing solutions.",

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AU - Benzaid, Chafika

AU - Taleb, Tarik

PY - 2026

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AB - Large Language Models (LLMs) are AI systems that learn statistical patterns in text to generate sentences, answer questions, and support conversations. Across an LLM life cycle, data from many individuals may be used during training or through user interactions. Since people have rights over their data, these rights should be respected. However, LLMs face practical and technical limits in enforcing them. This paper briefly explains how LLMs work, outlines key challenges for protecting individual rights, and reviews existing solutions.

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DO - 10.1109/MIC.2026.3708903

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AN - SCOPUS:105045312593

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JO - IEEE Internet Computing

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The Hidden Life of Your Data: How AI and LLM Use Your Information

Abstract

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