Testing quantum-corrected black hole through particle dynamics and S2 star observations

We investigate particle dynamics and observational signatures in the spacetime of a charged black hole arising from effective quantum gravity. Starting from the geodesic motion of neutral particles, we derive the equations of motion and analyze the impact of quantum corrections on the effective potential, the stability of circular orbits, and the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO). The results show that quantum effects can significantly shift the ISCO radius and alter orbital stability compared to the Schwarzschild case. The analysis is further extended to the motion of charged particles in the presence of an external magnetic field, revealing strong dependencies on the sign and magnitude of the particle’s charge. The Lorentz force is found to modify the ISCO location and allow for trapping or escape trajectories, highlighting the importance of electromagnetic interactions in realistic astrophysical environments. Finally, by performing a MCMC fitting to the orbital motion of the S2 star around Sgr A*, we constrain the black hole parameters and find them consistent with current observational bounds. Our results suggest that quantum corrected charged black holes can imprint measurable effects on particle dynamics, offering potential tests of alternative gravity models through high-precision astrophysical observations.