Synthesis and Optimization of MoS₂@Fe₃O₄-ICG/Pt(IV) Nanoflowers for MR/IR/PA Bioimaging and Combined PTT/PDT/Chemotherapy Triggered by 808 nm Laser

Elaborately designed biocompatible nanoplatforms simultaneously achieving multimodal bioimaging and therapeutic functions are highly desirable for modern biomedical applications. Herein, uniform MoS₂ nanoflowers with a broad size range of 80–180 nm have been synthesized through a facile, controllable, and scalable hydrothermal method. The strong absorbance of MoS₂ nanoflowers at 808 nm imparts them with high efficiency and stability of photothermal conversion. Then a novel multifunctional composite of MoS₂@Fe₃O₄-ICG/Pt(IV) (labeled as Mo@Fe-ICG/Pt) is designed by covalently grafting Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles with polyethylenimine (PEI) functionalized MoS₂, and then loading indocyanine green molecules (ICG, photosensitizers) and platinum (IV) prodrugs (labeled as Pt(IV) prodrugs) on the surface of MoS₂@Fe₃O₄. The resulting Mo@Fe-ICG/Pt nanocomposites can achieve excellent magnetic resonance/infrared thermal/photoacoustic trimodal biomaging as well as remarkably enhanced antitumor efficacy of combined photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and chemotherapy triggered by a single 808 nm NIR laser, thus leading to an ideal nanoplatform for cancer diagnosis and treatment in future.