Study of magnetic nanofluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in V-grooved flat plates under the action of magnetic field

To address the challenge of thermal management in electronic components, this study investigates the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a magnetic nanofluid within a V-groove heat transfer cavity under an applied magnetic field. Experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of magnetic field orientation, strength, and nanoparticle concentration on heat transfer performance and flow dynamics. The results show that while the addition of nanoparticles reduces the CPU temperature by up to 14.60 %, it also increases flow resistance. A horizontal magnetic field was found to impede both heat transfer enhancement and drag reduction, reducing the comprehensive performance index by 13.82 % when the magnetic field strength was increased from 10 mT to 30 mT. In contrast, when the magnetic field was oriented opposite to the flow direction, the comprehensive performance index improved by 4.78 % for the same increase in magnetic field strength. This improvement is attributed to the formation of magnetic chain structures at higher field strengths, which induce stronger flow perturbations, disrupt the thermal boundary layer near the wall, and thereby reduce thermal resistance.