Structure and properties of Gd doped BaTiO₃ material

Nano-size powder of Gd doped BaTiO₃ was prepared by sol-gel method. The structure, crystalline size, lattice constants and electromagnetic parameters were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and vector network analyzer. The results indicate that a single tetragonal phase powder with an excellent microwave absorption property is formed. Gd doping can enlarge lattice constant a, and decrease lattice constant c and crystalline size of the materials. Also the reflection intensity of the peaks decreases, peak positions move to higher frequency and bandwidth widens two times for the BaTiO₃ contained 0.2% Gd compared with undoped BaTiO₃ powder. It means that the doping of Gd ions can greatly improve the microwave absorption properties of the material.