Structural optimization of semitransparent power-generating window glass doped with core-shell nanoparticles

Windows are the least efficient part of building envelopes since little portion of the solar energy passes through the glass is utilized. Perovskite, as a semitransparent photovoltaic (STPV) material, has been widely studied for energy-saving windows. Doping of core-shell nanoparticles (CSNPs) can bring about nano/microscale modulation of optical properties. In this work, a multilayer structure containing CSNPs doped STPV material perovskite is proposed. Based on the calculation of the transfer matrix method, the structural parameters are optimized by multi-island genetic algorithm to make the average transmittance in the human-eye response waveband and the average photoelectric conversion efficiency in the solar energy band both reach high values. After optimization, the two CSNPs, Al₂O₃@Al and Ag@Au, have better doping effects. When the ratio of transmittance and photoelectric conversion efficiency is 1:1, they can achieve an average transmittance of more than 0.4 in the human eye response waveband, which is in line with the transmittance requirement of the STPV window. Meanwhile, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is greater than 0.25 at 1:1 and greater than 0.2 at 2:1, which achieves a high conversion level. Based on the analysis of structural parameters, it verifies the possibility of the application possibilities of the above two structures.