Single-atom catalysts for lithium-sulfur batteries: Research progress and prospects

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) have become a favorable contender for next-generation electrochemical energy storage systems due to their outstanding features such as high energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, the commercialization of LSBs is still characterized by critical issues such as low sulfur utilization, short cycle life, and poor rate performance, which need to be resolved. Single-atom catalysts, with their outstanding features such as ultra-high atom utilization rate close to 100% and adjustable coordination configuration, have received extensive attention in the field of lithium-sulfur battery research. In this paper, the preparation and characterization of single-atom catalysts for Li-S batteries are briefly introduced, and the latest research progress of single-atom catalysts for Li-S batteries is reviewed from three aspects: cathode, separator and anode. Finally, the key technical problems and future research directions of single-atom catalysts for lithium-sulfur batteries are also prospected, with a view to promoting the further development of commercialized LSBs.