Simultaneous and sequential radiation effects on NPN transistors induced by protons and electrons

This paper examines individual radiation effects caused by 110 keV electrons and 170 keV protons, and combined radiation effects induced by 110 keV electrons together with 170 keV protons on the forward current gain of NPN bipolar junction transistors (3DG130, 3DG112). Key parameters were measured in-situ and the change in current gain of the NPN bipolar junction transistors is obtained at a fixed voltage of base-emitter junction (V _BE)) during simultaneous and sequential exposures. Experimental results show that the current gain degradation of the NPN bipolar junction transistors is sensitive to both of ionization and displacement damage. The ionization damage is primarily caused by 110 keV electrons, while the displacement damage is mainly induced by 170 keV protons in this investigation. Based on the simultaneous and sequential exposure results, the ionization damage caused by 110 keV electrons can give an enhancing effect to displacement damage induced by 170 keV protons for NPN bipolar junction transistors.