Sea Surface Imaging and Interferometric Phase Analysis of Multi-Channel SAR System

Multi-channel InSAR facilitates the retrieval of high-accuracy elevation information of the sea surface through phase analysis. This paper adopts an improved sea surface InSAR imaging model based on multi-channel InSAR, considering the dynamic characteristics of ocean elements and the sea surface. Echo parameters of the sea surface at each azimuth are recalculated to better reflect real sea surface conditions. The analysis primarily focuses on multi-channel InSAR technology for sea surface imaging, establishing a stochastic sea surface model that incorporates ocean wind field elements. The impact of various factors such as wind direction, wind speed, radar frequency, baseline length, and polarization mode on the performance of multi-channel InSAR imaging at the sea surface, as well as the variation of interferometric phases, is comprehensively investigated through simulations. This study lays the groundwork for subsequent research and engineering applications.