Reversible shape transition of nanostructure-induced bistable shells based on pneumatic actuations

Shape reconfiguration is a crucial feature in aerodynamic applications of bistable shells, especially for nanostructure-induced bistable shells, which offer good load-bearing capacities. Traditional actuation methods using smart materials are not powerful enough to trigger the transition of the nanostructured bistable shells. This study proposes a pneumatic actuation approach based on analytical and numerical investigations on their transition characteristics. Two distinct transition paths are theoretically identified, dependent on the nanostructured region ratio and pneumatic region ratio. With the guidance from the theoretical models, custom-made pneumatic suction cups are employed to achieve wireless and automatic reconfigurations of the nanostructured bistable shells. This pneumatic shape morphing provides a valuable approach for creating adaptive surfaces in aerodynamic applications.