Research on the human injury risk assessment and prediction of operations on large equipment with confined space

Industry 5.0 emphasises more human-oriented manufacturing approaches, creating an environment that prioritises human well-being. Operators often need to enter confined spaces and operate in uncomfortable postures in some industries, such as mining, construction, and shipbuilding, for assembly/maintenance processes. So far, there has been relatively little research on the human injury risks of operations in large equipment with confined spaces. In this study, the characteristics of the operating environment in confined spaces are analysed, and the operation postures in confined spaces are divided into 9 classes to assess injury risk. Quantitative and comprehensive evaluation methods are proposed for human joint injury risk in large equipment confined space operations. Furthermore, based on the operation posture data in the large equipment confined space, human operation injury risk prediction model in confined space (HOIRPiCS) is proposed. The model takes the operation posture class, operation load, and human height as input and predicts the comprehensive operation injury risk class. Combined with the prediction results of HOIRPiCS, the risk prevention and control strategies can be optimised from multiple perspectives, such as prevention, learning, resilience, collaboration, self-organisation and optimisation.