Research on Optimization of Function and People Flow Organization of Large Space Buildings Based on the Needs of COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Test: A case study of the student activity center of Harbin Institute of Technology

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, large space buildings have played a crucial role in mitigating disease transmission. This study explores how to enhance efficiency through functional design and people flow organization in response to epidemic prevention needs. Using a university activity center as a case study, empirical research was conducted on the building’s function and people flow organization during nucleic acid tests. Three people flow organization models—centralized, discrete, and parallel—were proposed based on the research findings, and simulations were carried out using Anylogic. The results indicated that the centralized model had long queuing times and was prone to congestion; the discrete model exhibited the highest efficiency and safety; and the parallel model offered advantages in people flow control and medical resource allocation while improving overall efficiency.