Recent studies and applications of metagenomics in environmental engineering

Metagenomics is an emerging research area that combines environmental biology(especially environmental microbiology) and genomics. It has achieved substantial progress in the areas of environmental microbial community dynamics and resource exploitation, and has been applied to the fields of environmental science and engineering using specialized molecular biology detection and high-throughput techniques. This review provides a brief introduction to metagenomics technology and a summary of its applications and recent progress in environmental engineering, including wastewater treatment, bioremediation of polluted soils, biological treatment of domestic garbage, oil leakage bioremediation at marine and other contaminated sites, and bioelectrochemical engineering. Theoretical results and methodological approaches at the microbial level are discussed to improve biological technology in environmental engineering. Finally, this review describes the prospects for the application and development of metagenomics in environmental engineering in the near future.