Recent advances and perspectives of shape memory polymer fibers

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are intelligent materials that can sense and react to external environmental stimuli instantaneously. SMPs (e.g., polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, thermoplastic polyurethane, ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer, etc.) can be spun into shape memory polymer fibers (SMPFs) with a large aspect ratio and high flexibility. Compared with traditional SMPs, SMPFs have great research potential and practicality. In this article, we firstly introduce the categorization and mechanism of SMPs. Next, we outline the stimulus methods of SMPs. Afterwards, we summarize the spinning methods of SMPFs. We then analyze their potential applications in various fields. Finally, we discuss the possible problems in practical applications and prospects for future research.