Progress in infrared transparencies under opto electro thermo and mechanical environments

In recent years, there has been a growing interest and research focus on infrared optical thin films as essential components in infrared optical systems. In practical applications, extreme environmental factors such as aerodynamic heating and mechanical stresses, electromagnetic interferences, laser interferences, sand erosions, and rain erosions all lead to issues including cracking, wrinkling, and delaminations of infrared thin films. Extreme application environment imposes stringent requirements on functional films, necessitating high surface hardness, stability, and adhesion. Additionally, for multispectral optical transmissions, infrared optical thin films are expected to exhibit high transmittance in the visible and far-infrared wavelength bands while possessing tunability and optical anti-reflection properties in specific wavelength ranges. Electromagnetic shielding requires superior electrical performance, while resisting laser interference demands rapid phase change capabilities. This paper focuses on current research progresses in infrared optical thin films under extreme conditions such as opto, electro, thermos and mechanical environments. Table of Contents Graphic gives detailed outline. Future opportunities and challenges are also highlighted.