Problems and Solution Strategies for Interfacial Stability of Flexible Pressure Sensors

Owing to exceptional flexibility and conformability, flexible pressure sensors can be laminated onto complex curvilinear surfaces and adapt to dynamic environments, enabling their rapid expansion in various applications. Nevertheless, maintaining high stability under harsh or fluctuating conditions remains a formidable challenge. Critical bottlenecks emerge during assembly: weak interfacial adhesion and pronounced Young's-modulus mismatches between functional layers, which provoke delamination, drift, precision loss, and premature failure. This review systematically surveys recent advances in stabilization strategies, including physical microstructure design, chemical bonding design (hydrogen, covalent, coordination, π–π, van der Waals), together with their synergistic integration. This manuscript offers an exhaustive review of underlying mechanisms, quantifies performance gains, and identifies common design principles, while highlighting persistent obstacles. The discussion aims to accelerate the development of next-generation robust, high-fidelity flexible pressure sensors for wearable electronics, health monitoring, and implantable devices.