Potential pathogenesis discovery of arrhythmia based on cardiac electrophysiological models: Research progress

Revealing the pathogenesis of arrhythmia is a key task involved in diagnosis, treatment, drug development and equipment design. Multi-scale and multi-mode models of cardiac electrophysiology from ion channel, cell, fiber, tissue, heart to torso-heart integrated various physiological and pathological data from molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology and anatomy of the heart, changed research methods based on gene mutation, protein expression, cell electrophysiology and clinical symptoms completely and created a systematic approach for studying development and transformation of arrhythmias from microscopic changes to macroscopic pathology. The most important is that the cardiac electrophysiological model, which is a powerful tool for studying the mechanisms of arrhythmia, becomes the unified method of micro and macro research. In this paper, we summarized the method of constructing cardiac electrophysiological models, discussed the role and status of the multi-scale cardiac electrophysiological model in the study of cardiac arrhythmia mechanism, and outlined important research prospects and challenges of the electrophysiological modeling and simulation of arrhythmia in the future.