Polymeric thin film fabrication for colorimetric, ratiometric, and fluorometric detection of hazardous industrial effluents in wastewater

Polymeric thin films have become a favorable alternative owing to their excellent aspect ratio, porosity, and other physicochemical properties. Meanwhile, scientists have engineered such polymeric thin films using numerous nanomaterials and organic ligands in augmenting their binding affinity and selective detection capacities of toxic effluents in wastewater. In reality, fluorometric, colorimetric, and ratiometric detection pathways show dominance in this regard. In this topical review, we aim to discuss the methodologies of different spectrometric detection rationales of industrial effluents in a broader spectrum. Moreover, recent advancements in such fields have also been discussed, which could be useful for future researchers.