Performance of the prototype MAPS for tracking detectors at HIAF

Ju Huang; Xiaoyang Niu; Jianwei Liao; Wenchao Sun; Honglin Zhang; Haibo Yang; Rui He; Weijia Han; Rui Yin; Qilin Wang; Ping Yang; Wei Zhou; Yuan Tian; Yongsheng Wang; Fangfa Fu; Bei Cao; Xianqin Li; Chengxin Zhao

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2025.170781

Performance of the prototype MAPS for tracking detectors at HIAF

Ju Huang
, Xiaoyang Niu
, Jianwei Liao
, Wenchao Sun
, Honglin Zhang
, Haibo Yang
, Rui He
, Weijia Han
, Rui Yin
, Qilin Wang
, Ping Yang
, Wei Zhou
, Yuan Tian
, Yongsheng Wang
, Fangfa Fu
, Bei Cao
, Xianqin Li
, Chengxin Zhao^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Astronautics

CAS - Institute of Modern Physics
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
University of Science and Technology of China
Central China Normal University
China Electronics Technology Group Corporation
Ltd.
Harbin Institute of Technology
Heilongjiang University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The High-Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) is constructed to deliver high-intensity heavy-ion beams for frontier research in physics. This paper presents the performance of the Nupix-A2, the prototype Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) for the tracking detectors at HIAF. This sensor is designed with a 130-nm High-Resistivity Quad-well CMOS process. It integrates an array of 128 × 128 pixels, each with the size of 30μm×30μm, a DAC array with an SPI interface, and the digital control circuits. This sensor features zero-compression logic in hit-only mode, achieving fast speed and reducing data volume in measuring particle hit positions. Laboratory tests show that the sensor has a fixed pattern noise of 20.43 e⁻ and a temporal noise of 14.51 e⁻. The sensor can respond well to both β particles and proton beams. Laser tests reveal that this sensor can provide a spatial resolution of ∼5.95μm.

Original language	English
Article number	170781
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	1080
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2025.170781
State	Published - Nov 2025

Keywords

CMOS pixel sensor
HIAF
MAPS
Tracking detector

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10.1016/j.nima.2025.170781

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Huang, J., Niu, X., Liao, J., Sun, W., Zhang, H., Yang, H., He, R., Han, W., Yin, R., Wang, Q., Yang, P., Zhou, W., Tian, Y., Wang, Y., Fu, F., Cao, B., Li, X., & Zhao, C. (2025). Performance of the prototype MAPS for tracking detectors at HIAF. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 1080, Article 170781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2025.170781

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title = "Performance of the prototype MAPS for tracking detectors at HIAF",

abstract = "The High-Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) is constructed to deliver high-intensity heavy-ion beams for frontier research in physics. This paper presents the performance of the Nupix-A2, the prototype Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) for the tracking detectors at HIAF. This sensor is designed with a 130-nm High-Resistivity Quad-well CMOS process. It integrates an array of 128 × 128 pixels, each with the size of 30μm×30μm, a DAC array with an SPI interface, and the digital control circuits. This sensor features zero-compression logic in hit-only mode, achieving fast speed and reducing data volume in measuring particle hit positions. Laboratory tests show that the sensor has a fixed pattern noise of 20.43 e− and a temporal noise of 14.51 e−. The sensor can respond well to both β particles and proton beams. Laser tests reveal that this sensor can provide a spatial resolution of ∼5.95μm.",

keywords = "CMOS pixel sensor, HIAF, MAPS, Tracking detector",

author = "Ju Huang and Xiaoyang Niu and Jianwei Liao and Wenchao Sun and Honglin Zhang and Haibo Yang and Rui He and Weijia Han and Rui Yin and Qilin Wang and Ping Yang and Wei Zhou and Yuan Tian and Yongsheng Wang and Fangfa Fu and Bei Cao and Xianqin Li and Chengxin Zhao",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025",

year = "2025",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2025.170781",

language = "英语",

volume = "1080",

journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

issn = "0168-9002",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

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Huang, J, Niu, X, Liao, J, Sun, W, Zhang, H, Yang, H, He, R, Han, W, Yin, R, Wang, Q, Yang, P, Zhou, W, Tian, Y, Wang, Y, Fu, F, Cao, B, Li, X & Zhao, C 2025, 'Performance of the prototype MAPS for tracking detectors at HIAF', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 1080, 170781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2025.170781

TY - JOUR

T1 - Performance of the prototype MAPS for tracking detectors at HIAF

AU - Huang, Ju

AU - Niu, Xiaoyang

AU - Liao, Jianwei

AU - Sun, Wenchao

AU - Zhang, Honglin

AU - Yang, Haibo

AU - He, Rui

AU - Han, Weijia

AU - Yin, Rui

AU - Wang, Qilin

AU - Yang, Ping

AU - Zhou, Wei

AU - Tian, Yuan

AU - Wang, Yongsheng

AU - Fu, Fangfa

AU - Cao, Bei

AU - Li, Xianqin

AU - Zhao, Chengxin

PY - 2025/11

Y1 - 2025/11

N2 - The High-Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) is constructed to deliver high-intensity heavy-ion beams for frontier research in physics. This paper presents the performance of the Nupix-A2, the prototype Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) for the tracking detectors at HIAF. This sensor is designed with a 130-nm High-Resistivity Quad-well CMOS process. It integrates an array of 128 × 128 pixels, each with the size of 30μm×30μm, a DAC array with an SPI interface, and the digital control circuits. This sensor features zero-compression logic in hit-only mode, achieving fast speed and reducing data volume in measuring particle hit positions. Laboratory tests show that the sensor has a fixed pattern noise of 20.43 e− and a temporal noise of 14.51 e−. The sensor can respond well to both β particles and proton beams. Laser tests reveal that this sensor can provide a spatial resolution of ∼5.95μm.

AB - The High-Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) is constructed to deliver high-intensity heavy-ion beams for frontier research in physics. This paper presents the performance of the Nupix-A2, the prototype Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) for the tracking detectors at HIAF. This sensor is designed with a 130-nm High-Resistivity Quad-well CMOS process. It integrates an array of 128 × 128 pixels, each with the size of 30μm×30μm, a DAC array with an SPI interface, and the digital control circuits. This sensor features zero-compression logic in hit-only mode, achieving fast speed and reducing data volume in measuring particle hit positions. Laboratory tests show that the sensor has a fixed pattern noise of 20.43 e− and a temporal noise of 14.51 e−. The sensor can respond well to both β particles and proton beams. Laser tests reveal that this sensor can provide a spatial resolution of ∼5.95μm.

KW - CMOS pixel sensor

KW - HIAF

KW - MAPS

KW - Tracking detector

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105010488701

U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170781

DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170781

M3 - 文章

AN - SCOPUS:105010488701

SN - 0168-9002

VL - 1080

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

M1 - 170781

ER -

Performance of the prototype MAPS for tracking detectors at HIAF

Abstract

Keywords

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