Performance analysis of spectrum sharing mechanisms in cognitive radio networks

In this article, a non-preemptive (NP) mechanism is proposed to improve the quality-of-service (QoS) of secondary users (SUs) in joint leasing and sensing-based cognitive radio networks (CRNs). In this spectrum-sharing mechanism, a primary user (PU) could not forcibly terminate a SU with ongoing transmission. Both the typical preemptive and the proposed NP mechanisms are modeled by multi-dimensional Markov chains with three state variables. A decomposition-approximated method is used to derive the closed-form solutions of the steady-state probabilities in the Markov chains. The analytical results are verified by numerical results. System parameters that affect performance metrics are also investigated in these two mechanisms. The simulation results show that in the proposed mechanism the performance metrics of SUs such as force-termination probability and mean system delay are improved significantly, with an acceptable loss of PUs' QoS in terms of mean waiting time and blocking probability. A QoS tradeoff can be achieved between the primary and the secondary systems. For QoS improvement of SUs, the proposed NP mechanism outperforms the preemptive mechanism in joint leasing and sensing-based CRNs.