Oxyacetylene ablation resistance of continuous gradient ceramic–polymer composite

In this study, the ablation mechanism and ablation properties of continuous gradient ceramic–polymer composites were studied in an oxyacetylene environment, with the ablation heat flow being 2.38 MW/m². The samples were prepared through six impregnation–crosslinking–pyrolysis cycles using a three-dimensional seven-directional carbon fiber preform. There were no noticeable ablation pits on the surface of ablated samples. The polysilazane coating and amorphous SiCN ceramics provided good protection for the surface of gradient material. The continuous gradient structure provides a new solution to the problems of thermal mismatch and thermal short-circuit, which are caused by the performance difference between materials.