Optimized Coordination of Electric Vehicles, Distributed Compensation Devices, and Distributed Generation for Risk Mitigation in Radial Distribution Networks

The charging demand of electric vehicles (EVs), intelligent and flexible compensation units, and renewable energy generation are key components of the smart grid framework. This paper aims to evaluate the benefits of coordinating distributed compensation units while mitigating the risks associated with the uncertainties arising from the aggregation of distributed generation and EV charging loads within the smart grid. Linear models for electric spring (ES) were developed to facilitate their integration into collaborative operational strategies. Subsequently, probabilistic load flow (PLF) analysis was combined with branch power flow (BPF) equations to assess voltage fluctuations and the stochastic distribution of energy demand. The proposed methodology aims to optimize coordinated operations for risk mitigation. Finally, case studies were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed optimization model and provide further insights into its practical applications.