On Con-Numbers and Con-Matrices with Applications to Control Systems

In this paper, the concepts of con-numbers and con-matrices are proposed by the introduction of conjugate operators into the field of complex numbers, and some properties of these two concepts are derived. In addition, two potential applications of these two concepts are addressed in details. Specifically, a class of quantum systems is expressed in terms of the proposed con-numbers, and the ℝ-linear mapping is represented by con-matrices. These two applications imply the importance of the con-numbers and con-matrices. In addition, some methods are discussed on the construction of the conjugate-operator-induced numbers. Also, some further research directions are provided on these extended numbers and matrices with their applications to systems control.