N₂H₆²⁺ Energetic Salts: A Promising Strategy for Increasing the Density and Balance Safety and Energy of Explosives

The conflict between energy characteristics and security of explosives makes the synthesis of high-energy and low-sensitivity explosives always a great challenge. N₂H₆BTO is a high-energy material with higher density and thermal stability than the parent material and acceptable mechanical sensitivity. Three energetic ionic salts, N₂H₆(AFTO)₂, N₂H₅TzTO, and N₂H₆(TzTO)₂, were prepared by adjusting the reaction ratio of the parent molecule with hydrazine hydrate. Consistent with N₂H₆BTO, the density of N₂H₆²⁺ energetic salts is increased compared to the parent molecules. Moreover, N₂H₆²⁺ energetic salts show excellent thermal stability (T_d ≥ 255 °C) and high explosive performance (D ≥ 9037 m·s^-1, P ≥ 28.1GPa) and are insensitive (IS ≥ 35 J, FS ≥ 360 N). N₂H₆²⁺ energetic salt is expected to be an effective and simple strategy to improve the density of energetic materials and adjust the conflict between the energy characteristics and security of explosives.