Natural icing effects on nitrobenzene distribution in ice and water of Songhua River

For understanding nitrobenzene distribution of water under natural ice in Songhua River, nitrobenzene contents of different ice layers of main river way were examined in different layers at Dalianghe in Songhua River. It is shown that nitrobenzene concentrations in ice has no distinct relationship with those in original water samples under entirely icing conditions. The ratio of nitrobenzene concentrations in ice to those in water is 0.47-0.80. The icing velocity has obvious effects on nitrobenzene distributions in ice and water phases under incompletely icing conditions. For fast icing, the distribution ratio of nitrobenzene concentrations in ice to those in water is 0.21; while for slow icing, the distribution ratio was 0.050. During the course of icing, nitrobenzene was condensed gradually and part of nitrobenzene volatilized into the air. When nitrobenzene-polluted band flowed into Dalianhe sections, nitrobenzene concentrations in different layers of the ice were less than the demand of concentrations in the national standard of environmental quality for surface water.