Nanotechnology-Based Terahertz Biological Sensing: A review of its current state and things to come

In recent decades, terahertz (THz) technology has seen rapid development and significant application in the biological sensing field. In this process, nanotechnology has been constantly creating possibilities for THz technology advancement. Here, we discuss common THz biosensing techniques and limitations and focus on how state-of-the-art nanotechnology helps to improve THz biological imaging capability in terms of providing advanced THz systems and superior imaging quality. Cutting-edge research progress made in nanotechnology and THz technology cross-point have greatly reshaped the THz biosensing landscape.