MXene 材料在交通领域的应用进展

To promote the application of two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides MXene materials in the transportation field, this research reviews the preparation procedures, material classifications, and recent applications progress related to the transportation-engineering. Various synthesis techniques are introduced, including hydrofluoric acid etching, in-situ hydrofluoric acid etching, molten salt etching, electrochemical etching, and alkali etching. The mechanisms underlying the formation and control of porous gels, films, fabrics, and spherical particles, and their impact on the multifunctional performance of MXene-based materials, are discussed thoroughly. Key breakthroughs in MXene materials applications are summarized, highlighting their roles in developing efficient photothermal de-icing coatings for roads, improving the corrosion resistance of transportation infrastructure, and constructing lightweight, high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials for transport systems. Results show that, MXene materials can achieve ultra-high photothermal de-icing efficiency of 73. 1%, reduce metal corrosion rates by two orders of magnitude, and attain electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness exceeding 10⁵dB·cm²·g^-1. However, their large-scale application in the transportation sector still faces challenges such as high costs of green preparation, poor long-term stability, and a lack of intelligent response. Future research should focus on developing intelligent response and adaptive functionalities to facilitate the transition of MXene materials from laboratory research to practical engineering applications. This literature review can provide the theoretical references and technical support for promoting the intelligent upgrading and green sustainable development of transportation infrastructure.