Multi-objective rough surface reconstruction with texture inheritance: Coupling multi-scale primitives and tribological performance via NSGA-II

The microstructural features of ultra-precision bearing surfaces play a decisive role in lubrication performance and interfacial behavior, while conventional reconstruction methods struggle to simultaneously inherit precision machining textures and optimize tribological properties. This study proposes a texture-inheriting, multi-objective rough surface reconstruction method based on NSGA-II. Through multi-scale primitive regulation and adaptive parameter set constraints, the reconstructed surfaces inherit texture from the original and achieve substantial improvements in both film thickness ratio and average contact gap. Analysis using a surrogate–high-fidelity dual lubrication model indicates that primary primitive determines the upper limit of overall surface performance, whereas detail primitives govern stability and local responsiveness, with optimization efficacy relying on their synergistic interaction. Experimental comparisons demonstrate that the reconstructed surfaces achieve a friction coefficient matrix accuracy of over 92 % compared to real surfaces, confirming both the high reconstruction precision and effective texture inheritance capability of the proposed method.