Microstructure, thermophysical, and mechanical properties of bulk glass prepared from molten lunar regolith simulant

To provide the base data for the high-temperature processing of lunar regolith in future space activities, the materials prepared by fully melting of lunar regolith simulant (LRS) rather than the sintering is thoroughly characterized in terms of microstructure, thermophysical, and mechanical properties. The obtained material is glass–ceramic derived from the crystallization of molten regolith through a cooling process. Thermal expansion coefficient lies within a range of 6.42 × 10^-6 1/℃ to 9.82℃ × 10^-6 1/℃ between reference temperature (30 ℃) and softening point (919 ℃), and the thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity are close to the concrete. At room temperature, the ultimate compressive strength and the flexural strength is 67.1 ± 31.9 MPa and 100.7 ± 31.3 MPa, respectively, which are much higher than that of the traditional cement on Earth. Presented treatment crafts give a rise to thermal coating fabrication, and the products can be used as architectural and functional materials for the construction, operation, and maintenance of future lunar bases.