Low-Temperature preparation and characterization for PbTiO₃ ceramics by Sol-Gel technique

This Paper reports a new system for preparation of lead titanate powders by the Sol-Gel method. In this system, basic lead lactate, (CH₃CHOHCOO) ₂Pb, is used as the lead precursor instead of the widely used Pb(OOCCH₃)₂ '3H₂O and titanium tetrabutoxide monomer. This new system simplifies the chemical processing of precursor solutions of lead titanate, increases their stability in air, and offers good control Pb(Ti stoichiometry. The xerogel, obtained from the precursor solution by aging at low-temperature, is found to have a higer inorganic content. Gel-to-ceramic conversion is achieved by calcining the xerogel from 400°C to 800°C . The phase purity, particle size, morphology, compositional homogeneity of the gel-derived powders are examined by XRD. TEM. IR and the slow reflection spectrum of partides are measured.