Low-orbit communication constellation configuration optimization and beam allocation method for regional periodic transmission missions

In response to the needs of large-scale periodic data transmission tasks such as unmanned patrol video upload for forest fire prevention, traditional communication satellites are limited by uplink bandwidth and cannot meet their timeliness requirements. However, low-orbit broadband satellites have increasingly obvious application potential in the above scenarios due to their high-speed uplink characteristics. Taking the patrol video data upload of the core forest area of the Greater Khingan Range as an example, it is modeled as a regional time-division coverage problem within a fixed period, and a constellation configuration optimization and beam allocation algorithm based on particle swarm algorithm is proposed. The region is decomposed into many identical cells, and the time window and the number of beams are used as constraints. Considering the satellite power and the interference of adjacent beams, the particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize the constellation multi-beam allocation model. The simulation results show that under the same regional transmission period, the constellation configuration obtained by the proposed optimization algorithm uses fewer satellites, and can reduce the spatial interference of a single satellite beam, optimize beam allocation, effectively reduce mission costs, and improve resource utilization efficiency.