Large-scale fabrication of superhydrophobic shape memory composite films for efficient anti-icing and de-icing

Ice and snow accretion on outdoor facilities may degrade their functions and reduce their service life. Superwetting materials have been widely studied and present high potential in anti-icing and de-icing applications. However, it remains challenging that the materials cannot prevent and remove the ice accretion spontaneously in harsh conditions. Penguins can freely jump in and out of extremely cold water (−40 °C) without forming macroscopic ice because of the superhydrophobic performance of their flexible feathers. Here, Penguins-inspired superhydrophobic shape memory composite films with unique properties, including lightweight and shape morphing, are fabricated via a two-step method consisting of spraying and peeling processes. It presents good superhydrophobic performance with a large WCA of 152.4 ± 5° and a small WSA of 6 ± 1° in addition to excellent shape memory performance (recovery ratio > 99%) and good mechanical strength. The simple fabrication methods make it possible to produce large-size films at low cost, which is versatile for different applications. Most importantly, the film displays the capabilities of inhibiting freezing, ice, and snow accumulation with improved ice removal efficiency due to the synergetic effects of the superhydrophobic and efficient photothermal activity. Furthermore, its robustness and durability make it a good candidate for industrial applications.