Laboratory study of the water quality in WDS using biological reactors

The water distribution systems (WDS) behave like a complex biological reactor. The physical, chemical and biological reactors happen inside so often that the water quality deteriorates and a large number of bacteria grow during the transport to the consumer's tap. The objectives of this research were to simulate the wall shear stress, water age and water temperature in WDS by the use of biological reactors in the laboratory and to investigate their effect on the water quality and the total number of bacteria on the pipe wall in WDS. Firstly, the biological reactors and experimental system were designed and constructed. Then, the water quality indices and the total number of bacteria were measured. Finally, the influences of velocity, water age and temperature on the water quality in WDS were obtained.