Joint waveform design for multi-user maritime integrated sensing and communication

In this paper, we propose an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) base station (BS) system designed for applications by multiple users in complex offshore environments. We begin by modeling the communication and detection functions of the dual-function BS in the corresponding maritime channel environment, as well as the sea clutter influence of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar in the marine environment. To evaluate the performance of our dual-function system, we measure the communication reachable rate and sensing signal-clutter-noise ratio (SCNR) of the offshore system separately for communication and radar functions, respectively. We then develop two optimization schemes to maximize the system’s performance under power constraint of radar SCNR and communication rate constraint, respectively, and solve them using convex optimization methods such as the successive convex approximation (SCA) method. We also model the beamforming and provide simulation results that demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed maritime integrated sensing and communication (MISAC) system.