Investigation on nanosecond laser processing of superhydrophobic microstructures on SiCp/Al

Silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite (SiCp/Al) exhibit high specific strength and stiffness, which highlight their significant potential for applications in aerospace and various other fields. However, the inherent surface properties of this material, particularly its wettability, are often insufficient to meet the demands of specialized application, thereby limiting its application. This study focuses on the nanosecond laser processing of SiCp/Al and investigates the fabrication process of surface microstructures. By controlling parameters such as laser power and irradiation times, the evolution of surface microstructures under various parameter combinations is elucidated. The optimal parameters, consisting of 40 W laser power and 100 irradiation cycles, are identified to enable the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces. The effects of nanosecond laser processing integrated with post-treatment techniques, including annealing, etching, and annealing after etching, on the surface properties are also investigated. It is found that annealing treatment resulted in the formation of substances with reduced surface energy, which exhibited contact angles of approximately 160°. Anti-adhesion performance tests were performed on the fabricated SiCp/Al superhydrophobic surfaces to validate their functional properties. These findings offer a theoretical foundation and technical guidance for optimizing the surface characteristics of SiCp/Al, thereby facilitating its broader application across diverse fields.