Influence of Metal Centers on the Properties of AFTO-based Energetic Coordination Polymers

Jin Hao Zhang; Li Qiong Luo; Ru Fang Peng; Bo Jin

doi:10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.202505017

Influence of Metal Centers on the Properties of AFTO-based Energetic Coordination Polymers

Jin Hao Zhang
, Li Qiong Luo
, Ru Fang Peng
, Bo Jin^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Southwest University of Science and Technology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Four kinds of energetic coordination polymers(ECPs), [Cu(AFTO)₂(H₂O)₂]n(1), [Zn(AFTO)₂(H₂O)₂]_n(2), [Mn(AFTO)₂(H₂O)₂]_n(3)and [Pb(AFTO)₂(H₂O)₃]_n·2H₂O(4), were synthesized by hydrothermal method using 5-(4-aminofurazan-3-yl)-1-hydroxytetrazole(AFTO)as a nitrogen-rich energetic ligand and different metal ion centers(Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Mn²⁺ and Pb²⁺). The structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The thermal stability of ECPs 1—4 was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. And the heat of formation, detonation velocity and detonation pressure were obtained by self-made calorimeter and EXPLO5 v6.05 program. Moreover, the friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity were tested by BAM sensitivity instrument. The results show that the crystal density of ECPs 1—4 are 2.041,2.029,1.980,2.291g/cm³, mrespectively. The cocrystal of ECP 1—4 all belong to monoclinic crystal system, with P2₁/C space group for ECPs 1—3 and P2₁ space group for ECP 4. Pb²⁺-based ECP 4 is of the best thermal stability among the four kinds of ECPs with thermal decomposition temperature of 294℃, while Mn²⁺-based ECP 3 has the lowest sensitivity(impact sensitivity≥40J, friction sensitivity 288N)and excellent detonation performance.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	844-851
Number of pages	8
Journal	Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants
Volume	48
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.202505017
State	Published - 2025
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

5-(4-aminofurazan-3-yl)-1-hydroxytetrazole
AFTO
ECPs
crystal structure
energetic coordination polymers
nitrogen-rich energetic ligand
organic chemistry

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10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.202505017

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@article{a229039edc274c8b9dc03100368d18ee,

title = "Influence of Metal Centers on the Properties of AFTO-based Energetic Coordination Polymers",

abstract = "Four kinds of energetic coordination polymers(ECPs), [Cu(AFTO)2(H2O)2]n(1), [Zn(AFTO)2(H2O)2]n(2), [Mn(AFTO)2(H2O)2]n(3)and [Pb(AFTO)2(H2O)3]n·2H2O(4), were synthesized by hydrothermal method using 5-(4-aminofurazan-3-yl)-1-hydroxytetrazole(AFTO)as a nitrogen-rich energetic ligand and different metal ion centers(Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ and Pb2+). The structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The thermal stability of ECPs 1{\textemdash}4 was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. And the heat of formation, detonation velocity and detonation pressure were obtained by self-made calorimeter and EXPLO5 v6.05 program. Moreover, the friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity were tested by BAM sensitivity instrument. The results show that the crystal density of ECPs 1{\textemdash}4 are 2.041,2.029,1.980,2.291g/cm3, mrespectively. The cocrystal of ECP 1{\textemdash}4 all belong to monoclinic crystal system, with P21/C space group for ECPs 1{\textemdash}3 and P21 space group for ECP 4. Pb2+-based ECP 4 is of the best thermal stability among the four kinds of ECPs with thermal decomposition temperature of 294℃, while Mn2+-based ECP 3 has the lowest sensitivity(impact sensitivity≥40J, friction sensitivity 288N)and excellent detonation performance.",

keywords = "5-(4-aminofurazan-3-yl)-1-hydroxytetrazole, AFTO, ECPs, crystal structure, energetic coordination polymers, nitrogen-rich energetic ligand, organic chemistry",

author = "Zhang, \{Jin Hao\} and Luo, \{Li Qiong\} and Peng, \{Ru Fang\} and Bo Jin",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.202505017",

language = "英语",

volume = "48",

pages = "844--851",

journal = "Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants",

issn = "1007-7812",

publisher = "China Ordnance Industry Corporation",

number = "9",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Influence of Metal Centers on the Properties of AFTO-based Energetic Coordination Polymers

AU - Zhang, Jin Hao

AU - Luo, Li Qiong

AU - Peng, Ru Fang

AU - Jin, Bo

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - Four kinds of energetic coordination polymers(ECPs), [Cu(AFTO)2(H2O)2]n(1), [Zn(AFTO)2(H2O)2]n(2), [Mn(AFTO)2(H2O)2]n(3)and [Pb(AFTO)2(H2O)3]n·2H2O(4), were synthesized by hydrothermal method using 5-(4-aminofurazan-3-yl)-1-hydroxytetrazole(AFTO)as a nitrogen-rich energetic ligand and different metal ion centers(Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ and Pb2+). The structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The thermal stability of ECPs 1—4 was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. And the heat of formation, detonation velocity and detonation pressure were obtained by self-made calorimeter and EXPLO5 v6.05 program. Moreover, the friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity were tested by BAM sensitivity instrument. The results show that the crystal density of ECPs 1—4 are 2.041,2.029,1.980,2.291g/cm3, mrespectively. The cocrystal of ECP 1—4 all belong to monoclinic crystal system, with P21/C space group for ECPs 1—3 and P21 space group for ECP 4. Pb2+-based ECP 4 is of the best thermal stability among the four kinds of ECPs with thermal decomposition temperature of 294℃, while Mn2+-based ECP 3 has the lowest sensitivity(impact sensitivity≥40J, friction sensitivity 288N)and excellent detonation performance.

AB - Four kinds of energetic coordination polymers(ECPs), [Cu(AFTO)2(H2O)2]n(1), [Zn(AFTO)2(H2O)2]n(2), [Mn(AFTO)2(H2O)2]n(3)and [Pb(AFTO)2(H2O)3]n·2H2O(4), were synthesized by hydrothermal method using 5-(4-aminofurazan-3-yl)-1-hydroxytetrazole(AFTO)as a nitrogen-rich energetic ligand and different metal ion centers(Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ and Pb2+). The structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The thermal stability of ECPs 1—4 was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. And the heat of formation, detonation velocity and detonation pressure were obtained by self-made calorimeter and EXPLO5 v6.05 program. Moreover, the friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity were tested by BAM sensitivity instrument. The results show that the crystal density of ECPs 1—4 are 2.041,2.029,1.980,2.291g/cm3, mrespectively. The cocrystal of ECP 1—4 all belong to monoclinic crystal system, with P21/C space group for ECPs 1—3 and P21 space group for ECP 4. Pb2+-based ECP 4 is of the best thermal stability among the four kinds of ECPs with thermal decomposition temperature of 294℃, while Mn2+-based ECP 3 has the lowest sensitivity(impact sensitivity≥40J, friction sensitivity 288N)and excellent detonation performance.

KW - 5-(4-aminofurazan-3-yl)-1-hydroxytetrazole

KW - AFTO

KW - ECPs

KW - crystal structure

KW - energetic coordination polymers

KW - nitrogen-rich energetic ligand

KW - organic chemistry

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105020950574

U2 - 10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.202505017

DO - 10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.202505017

M3 - 文章

AN - SCOPUS:105020950574

SN - 1007-7812

VL - 48

SP - 844

EP - 851

JO - Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants

JF - Huozhayao Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants

IS - 9

ER -

Influence of Metal Centers on the Properties of AFTO-based Energetic Coordination Polymers

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