Incomplete-Information Multi-Spacecraft Orbital Target-Attacker-Defender Game

This study investigates a multi-spacecraft orbital Target-Attacker-Defender (TAD) game problem involving one target spacecraft, multiple attacker spacecraft, and multiple defender spacecraft under incomplete information conditions. First, considering that the target spacecraft is capable of maneuvering, an orbital TAD game problem model involving multiple spacecraft is established based on spacecraft relative motion dynamics. Then, by incorporating Nash equilibrium and based on differential game theory, the optimal game control strategies for each spacecraft under complete information conditions are derived. Subsequently, assuming the unknown coefficient matrices in the attacker spacecraft's performance index functions remain constant throughout the game and the target-defender team know their bounded ranges, we employ a multi-model fusion approach to identify these unknown matrices. Finally, by solving coupled Riccati matrix differential equations, the game control strategies for all spacecraft under incomplete information are obtained. Numerical simulations demonstrate that with the proposed unknown coefficient matrix estimation method and game-theoretic control strategy, the target-defender team can not only accurately estimate the attacker spacecraft's unknown matrices but also ensure the defenders intercept the attackers before they reach the target, thereby achieving successful protection.