Impact of aeration shear stress on permeate flux and fouling layer properties in a low pressure membrane bioreactor for the treatment of grey water

Two different aeration regimes were studied in a low pressure gravity driven membrane bioreactor without any flushing or (back-) washing. In one reactor, the aeration was positioned below the membrane module, thus exposing the membranes to aeration shear stress. A second reactor was operated at low shear stress by placing the aerator in a different compartment. Flux stabilization at 2.0 L/(m² h) occurred in the reactor with low shear stress while no flux stabilization was observed in the reactor with aeration shear stress, resulting in a flux of 0.5 L/(m² h) after 120 days. The thickness of the bio-fouling layer in the reactor with aeration shear was smaller (129 vs. 344 μm), which implies that shear stress resulted in a thinner, denser and less permeable bio-fouling layer. The results can be explained by differences in (1) the morphology of the bio-fouling layer and (2) the EPS contents (proteins and polysaccharides) in the bio-fouling layer. The low-shear system provides a suitable solution for decentralized grey water treatment, or other conditions where maintenance and energy consumption should be minimized. Furthermore, the results can contribute to decrease the energy consumption in MBR systems.