Human serum N-glycan profiles are age and sex dependent

Background: protein glycosylation varies with the physiological and pathological status of the cell. Consequently, analysis of protein-linked glycans has growing importance both in basic glycobiological research and as a potential tool for monitoring the physiological state in humans. Design, setting and participants: a total of 265 healthy northern Chinese men and women were grouped by age and gender. The mean age in males and females was similar. Objective: the study is aimed to evaluate the effects of the age and gender on the human serum N-glycans profiles in the clinical diagnose of ageing and disease. Methods: the 265 human serum N-glycan profiles were obtained by DNA sequencer-assisted fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis. Comparison of N-glycan profiles was carried out among the different genders and age groups and the data were analysed with the GeneMapper software. Results: age-related changes in the three N-glycan structures (NGA2F, NGA2FB and NA2F) were observed. Interestingly, fucosylation of N-glycans was significantly different (P < 0.0001) between men and women: more core-α-1,6-fucosylated glycans were detected in women, whereas more branching-α-1,3-fucosylated N-glycans were seen in men. Conclusions: the N-glycome profile in serum is gender and age dependent. This should be taken into consideration in the development of serum glycome markers.