Human Factor Performance Evaluation Model for Barrier-Free Access Facilities in Residential Communities Based on Demand Priority Levels of Four Typical Ramps

The support capacity of built barrier-free facilities often does not align with the actual needs of urban residents, leading to travel obstacles for people with disabilities and posing a threat to the healthy and sustainable development of cities. It is necessary to evaluate the performance of barrier-free facilities from the perspective of demand. However, traditional performance evaluation methods conceal the differences in barrier-free facility performance among different groups of people. Therefore, this paper aims to clarify the barrier-free demand attributes of urban residents under different behavioral states, quantify the differences in residents’ needs based on demand priorities, and establish a human factor performance evaluation model for barrier-free facilities. Eighteen barrier-free needs of Chinese urban residents were identified through text mining. The demand priorities of individuals in various behavioral states for four typical ramps were then calculated using the Kano comprehensive satisfaction coefficient and importance coefficient. Expert evaluations of the facilities’ fulfillment of needs were gathered using the fuzzy Delphi method. Finally, the human factor performance of the facilities was determined based on the demand priority and fulfillment levels. The results show that even barrier-free facilities with high performance exhibit performance inequalities among the population, and this inequality is more obvious in relatively disadvantaged groups. Building a coordinated barrier-free environment with facilities, services, and assistive devices is an effective means to make up for the insufficient performance of barrier-free facilities. This approach not only enhances the support capacity of the environment but also contributes to the sustainable development of urban communities by ensuring equitable access for all residents.