High-Performance Direct Ink Writing of PEDOT:PSS-Based Conductive Inks for Flexible Electronics

Direct ink writing offers significant advantages in the field of flexible electronics, including design flexibility and broad applicability. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), as one of the most widely used conductive polymers, faces a common dilemma between printability and conductivity when formulated into printable inks, as adding surfactants to its solution often degrades electrical performance. To address this, this paper presents a high-performance conductive ink suitable for direct ink writing. Using PEDOT:PSS particles as the raw material, the relationship between material composition and rheological properties is systematically analyzed, establishing a printing window for key process parameters. This ink demonstrates both excellent printability and high electrical conductivity (up to 79 S/cm). It enables the efficient and reliable fabrication of customizable flexible circuits, providing a new material and process pathway for the functional integration of conductive polymers.