Heat and mass transfer simulation of a TSA column: experimental validation and dynamic evaluation

In this study, we develop a CFD model to simulate temperature swing adsorption (TSA) in an adsorption-based gas storage device for a compressed CO₂ energy storage (A-CCES) system. The model incorporates adsorption heat effects and local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) heat transfer between the gas and solid phases, capturing a measurable interphase temperature difference of up to 10 K. Two experimental setups are used for validation; the predicted propagation speed of the temperature front agrees with the measurements with deviations below 5%. With the validated model, we quantify how operating conditions—specifically inlet temperature (303.15–603.15 K) and inlet velocity (0.05–0.60 m/s)—govern the spatiotemporal evolution of the bed temperature field and the adsorption/desorption rates. We further examine dynamic flow regulation relevant to A-CCES operation and show that the stabilization (new-equilibrium) response time following inlet-velocity changes ranges from 41 to 62 s, which is experimentally confirmed within 5%. The results provide operation-oriented guidance for TSA-based CO₂ storage under variable charging/discharging conditions.