Growth and structure of doped KLN crystal

KLN, Fe:KLN, Mn:KLN and Cu:KLN crystals were grown by Czochraski method. The structure of crystal was measured by X-ray diffraction technique. The results indicated that the doped crystals kept the same structural characteristics as the pure KLN crystal, but the lattice constants of Fe:KLN and Mn:KLN crystals became smaller than that of pure KLN crystal, and that values of Cu:KLN crystal became larger than that of pure KLN crystal. This indicated that Fe and Mn cations replaced Nb cation, and Cu cation replace K cation after they entered into the lattice of KLN crystal. The result of ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra was identified with that of X-ray diffraction analysis.