Global distribution of coronal mass outputs and its relation to solar magnetic field structures

The basic characteristics of the coronal mass output near the Sun are analyzed with the statistic and numerical methods by using observational data from K corona brightness, interplanetary scintillation, and photospheric magnetic field during the descending phases (1983) and the minimum (1984) of solar activity. The methods used here are based on the global distribution of the solar magnetic field on the source surface (at 2.5 solar radii (R _S))- Our main results are the following: (1) There are certain regular persistent patterns in the global distributions of coronal mass outputs flux F_m (density ρ × speed V), which shows that the highest F_m in 1983 and 1984 display more regularly double peaks and single-peak wave-like patterns on the source surface (2.5 R_S), respectively. The highest and the lowest F_m are associated with the coronal current sheet and the polar corona regions, respectively, and the other regions are associated with a moderate F_m. (2) The speed dependence of F_m is different for various magnetic structures. The dependence is nearly constant in the polar coronal region and monotonically rises in the current sheet regions both for the descending (1983) and the ascending (1976) phases. (3) The different frequency number distributions of F_m also correspond to different magnetic field structures, with average values F̄_m,p = 8.3 × 10¹¹ particles/cm²(s) for the polar coronal region and F̄_m,c = 17.7 × 10 ¹¹ particles/cm²(s) for the coronal current sheet. (4) As a theoretical test, a preliminary numerical study of the global distribution near 2.5 R_S for the Carrington rotation 1742 in 1983 has been made by solving a self-consistent MHD system based on the observations of K coronal brightness and the photospheric magnetic fields. The numerical results indicate that the global distributions of the coronal mass outputs on the source surface could be used to understand/predict the change of the interplanetary conditions.