Generalized Stereo Matching Based on Topological Structure Consistency for Urban 3D Reconstruction from Satellite Imagery

Considering the limitations of stereo satellite resources and imaging quality, as well as the challenges of occlusion and disparity discontinuity impacting the matching results, this paper proposes a novel generalized stereo matching method based on topological structure consistency for urban 3D reconstruction. Firstly, the topological structure within the corresponding superpixel neighborhood of the left and right views is constructed. Then, the topological structure consistency cost (TSC) is proposed to evaluate the similarity of the topological structure by combining two measurement methods of grayscale spatial distance and spatial relative relationship. Finally, iteratively optimizing the matching cost through visibility term and disparity discontinuity term to output the disparity map. The experimental results show that the proposed stereo matching method achieves normalized median absolute deviation (NMAD) better than 1.5 m and root mean square error (RMSE) better than 3.5 m, which can realize more advanced performance compared with the state-of-the-art methods.