Experimental study on the influence of magnetic inclination in plume region on performance of low-power Hall Thruster

The magnetic field distribution of Hall thrusters has a crucial impact on its performance. Studies have mostly focused on the magnetic field distribution within the channel and near the channel exit, but less attention has been paid to the magnetic field distribution in the near-field plume region. Two different magnetic field distributions were designed. The influence of the magnetic inclination in the plume region on the performance of a low-power Hall thruster was investigated using a particle-in-cell (PIC) numerical simulation and experimental study. The results indicate that the magnetic field with inclined inward can effectively improve the performance of Hall thrusters, relatively increasing the thrust by 3.6%–9.6%, anode specific impulse by 3.8%–9.8%, and anode efficiency by 2.5%–5.5% at a fixed flow rate. It can also reduce the plume divergence angle, and the maximum decrease in the plume divergence half-angle is approximately 7°. The main reason is that the radial electric field in the plume region under an inward-inclined magnetic field is lower than that with an outward-inclined magnetic field, thus making the radial velocity of ions in the former magnetic field lower than that in the latter magnetic field, ultimately driving more ions to the thruster center.