Energy storage configuration and scheduling strategy for microgrid with consideration of grid-forming capability

As the penetration of grid-following renewable energy resources increases, the stability of microgrid deteriorates. Optimizing the configuration and scheduling of grid-forming energy storage is critical to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the microgrid. Therefore, this paper incorporates both the construction and operational costs of energy storage into the objective function. The grid-forming capabilities of energy storage are considered by introducing system inertia and reserved power constraints. Based on these considerations, an energy storage configuration and scheduling strategy for microgrid with consideration of grid-forming capability is proposed. To comprehensively validate the proposed strategy, a joint probability distribution function of wind and photovoltaic is constructed using kernel density estimation and copula functions, and typical renewable energy scenarios are generated using the k-means clustering method. Furthermore, the effects of renewable energy penetration rate and system constraints on the proposed strategy are analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate that under the typical scenarios presented in this study, when the output power of renewable energy is high, the minimum rotational kinetic energy can be increased by about 30%, and the reserved power can be increased by 15%.